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ACT Science Section Hacks

Know Passage Types And Structure

The first step in cracking the Science section is knowing each tested passage type.

The ACT Science passages break down into three different types:

• Research Summary – Presented a series of experiments
• Data Representation – Presented with information about a specific topic
• Conflicting Viewpoints – Presented multiple theories about a single topic

Mark Up Passages

Actively take notes in your test booklet.

Notate the information you need inside the booklet; you won’t be penalized for it. Examples include:

• Underlining keywords
• Circling sentences
• Writing down notes in the booklet itself

All of this is fine because your completed Scantron sheet is what matters.

Work On Pacing

Get your timing down well in advance.

You’re only allotted 35 minutes to complete the Science section. That pace breaks down to approximately 5 minutes per passage to answer those corresponding 5-8 questions.

Start working on your pace at least a month in advance. Start tackling 5 passages with a 7-minute time limit for answering.

Go back and check your accuracy afterward. Then work on shaving down your time to 5 minutes per passage.

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Practice Graph Skills

Work on your graph interpretation ahead of time.

Data representation, in the form of graphs, charts, and other visual aids, are huge on the test.

That means you need to interpret data from these aids and draw conclusions. Use practice tests with realistic examples and look over scientific publications.

Work on your data interpretation by glancing over a graph and trying to determine trends quickly. Double-check the article to see if your interpretations are correct.

Refer Back To Passages

Don’t memorize everything on the first read.

You won’t remember everything when reading the passages first-time out. Instead:

• Read the passages to absorb main points and familiarize yourself with data
• Refer back to the passage for specific information when answering a question

Don’t be afraid to circle or underline the main points in each passage. It’ll be easier to locate that information quickly and answer from there.

ACT Reading Section Hacks

Read What’s Presented To You

Don’t look past what’s in front of you.

You will deal with four different passage selections:

• Prose Fiction
• Social Studies
• Humanities
• Natural Science

Everything you need to answer the questions is within the passages already. That’s the point of this entire section – to test your ability to read presented information and derive answers from interpretation. Don’t worry about not knowing the context these passages are derived from beforehand.

Use Process Of Elimination

Cross out what you obviously know is incorrect.

Each ACT Reading question presents you with four answer choices. Only one is correct. That means you can immediately start crossing out choices, instead of trying to guess which one is correct.

Find the flaw in each choice. Sometimes a single word can throw the entire choice off, if it does then it’s likely the wrong answer.

Skim Passages

Skim the passages for information.

The Reading test is rigorously timed. To give yourself extra answering time, consider skimming. Here’s how:

• Read the First and Last Paragraphs first
• Read the Topic Sentence of each body paragraph

Once done, go back and answer the line-cited questions. Go back and answer the remaining general questions.

Read Passages Out Of Order

Answer your best passages first, then come back for your weaker ones.

As you work through ACT practice tests, you’ll start to notice which passage types are easier or harder. Once you have some practice tests completed, go back and rank the passage types from easiest to hardest.

The idea is to do the ones that you can ace fast, in order to leave additional time for the trickier ones.

Be sure to pay close attention to your Scantron sheet and question booklet, in order to make sure you’re answering the questions with the correct Scantron choices.

Familiarize Yourself With Structure

Start off by knowing how the Reading section is put together.

The ACT Reading section is a 35-minute test that starts immediately after one 15-minute break.

The section is comprised of:

• Four reading passages
• Ten questions per passage

Each question has four possible answer choices available. Regarding the sections, they are presented in the same order:

• Prose Fiction
• Social Studies
• Humanities
• Natural Sciences

ACT Writing Section Tips

Avoid Run-ons And Fragments

Recognize long fragments or run-on sentences.

A complete sentence has, at least, one primary clause, consisting of a subject and corresponding predicate, with correct punctuation.

A complete sentence can contain multiples clauses, as long as they are all connected by correct punctuation. If a sentence lacks a primary clause, then it’s a fragment.

A run-on sentence contains multiple, complete thoughts that are incorrectly connected by punctuation. Sentence length alone doesn’t signify if a sentence is correctly formed.

Look for subjects and predicates, and make sure that multiple clauses are correctly connected by commas or semicolons.

Don’t Place Commas Before Or After Prepositions

A known ACT English trick is placing commas before prepositions.

On the test, it is always wrong to place a comma after a preposition. It is also rare to insert before a preposition too. The one exception is when a preposition introduces a non-restrictive clause.

This situation is typically rare, but it happens enough to make knowing the rule important. If you see a comma directly before or after a preposition, then something is up.

Short Word Counts Are Important

Shorter sentences are usually your best bet for the right answer

The shortest yet grammatically correct answer choice that communicates all pertinent information is correct. Answer choices that unnecessarily add words or phrases that don’t communicate helpful information are wrong.

Subject-Verb Agreement Basics

The ACT English section often separates verbs and subjects in sentences.

Always be able to identify a sentence’s subject and check that the verb form correctly matches it. If the tenses do not agree, then discard them immediately.

If collective nouns are used, like “group”, “committee”, “crowd”, etc., and the accompanying verb is not singular, then discard those choices too.

Avoid Comma Splices

Comma splices are commonplace but incorrect.

Comma splices occur when two complete, independent thoughts are separated by a comma. Run-on sentences are the most common example.

When using a comma, make sure that both thoughts cannot exist by themselves entirely. If they can exist independently, then you need to adjust your punctuation. Normally, a semicolon fixes the problem.

ACT Essay Section Tips

Fill Up Three To Four Exam Booklet Pages

Essays less than three pages will lose points, and those with four pages score the highest.

Graders have little time to score your Essay. Instead, they rely on superficial criteria to assign you a score. One criterion is the length. Graders assume that students who wrote longer Essays had more to say and wrote better arguments.

Make sure you write clearly, even if you have to write fast to fill all four pages. If graders can’t read your writing, they will immediately dock you points.

Memorize The Prompt Beforehand

The prompt will always be the same for every Essay; if you already know it, you can skip reading it.

Skipping the prompt will save you time that can go into outlining or writing your Essay. If you memorize the prompt’s requirements, you’ll be less likely to forget any required information for the final essay.

Use Elevated Vocabulary

Using two to three elevated vocabulary words per paragraph.

Because graders only have a few minutes to review your Essay, one criterion they use is your use of elevated vocabulary.

Show off as much as you can, and use at least three to four elevated vocabulary words per paragraph. Using any less than three to four words raises the chance that the graders won’t notice any of them.

Write Five Full Paragraphs

Your essay needs to have five paragraphs—an introduction, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion.

Make sure you have all three sections covered, even if you have to shorten one or two body paragraphs to fit in the introduction and conclusion. They’ll be looking to see that you’ve written those five full paragraphs.

Ideally, if you’ve outlined ahead of time and kept your writing on track, you’ll wrap everything up without rushing.

Use Transition Words Between Ideas And Paragraphs

Know your conjunctions—words and phrases that describe the relationships between words—and use them throughout your Essay.

Your Essay needs to have seamless transitions between ideas and paragraphs. You shouldn’t move abruptly from one idea to another without including an appropriate transition.

Effective transitions are one of the basic elements the graders will examine, so use your conjunctions to clearly connect ideas together.

ACT Math Section Tips

Memorize Equations & Formulas

Have important equations and formulas.

Despite having a reference list on the Math test’s first page, you should have all the important equations and formulas—the equation of a line, the quadratic equation, the equation of a circle, the Pythagorean theorem, SOH CAH TOA, et cetera—memorized.

Having these things down pat will leave you feeling more confident, and prevent you from wasting time flipping back and forth to the first page of the test.

Drill these equations and formulas until you know them by heart.

Write Out Your Problem-Solving Steps

Write out all the steps as you work toward the answers.

Writing out all your problem-solving steps will prevent you from making simple mistakes.

Common mistakes include:

• Entering the wrong number into your calculator
• Giving the answer for x when you’ve been asked for 2x

Using pencil and paper leaves steps for you to check over, should you finish the test early and have time to review your answers.

Skip Problems You Can’t Solve Fast

If you haven’t cracked a problem after 10 seconds, circle it, and move on.

If you’re stuck on a tricky problem and aren’t sure of the process to break it down fast, then circle it and move on.

Fixating on a particularly difficult problem wastes time and can provoke anxiety. Work through all the problems you can correctly solve fast, and then circle back to the remaining difficult questions.

Plug-In Answer Choices

Try inserting answer choices back into the problem to see if one of them works.

This trick doesn’t always work, but if it does then your question is solved. Make sure to plug in all of the answer choices, to make sure you found the right one. Don’t use this as your first tactic though, because it can be very time-consuming.

Don’t Be Intimidated

Don’t worry about thinking you don’t know enough advanced Math concepts to pass the test.

The most advanced Math concepts you’ll face are some simple trigonometry problems. If you’re already taking Precalculus or other higher-level Math classes, then you likely already have enough exposure to ACT Math problem concepts.

If you haven’t learned trigonometry yet, don’t worry—none of the tested concepts are too difficult to pick up on your own time.

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